Page 4 - Yidishe tzeit - אידישע צייט
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³º»³ ǴǸ°
¸´» ¸°Ç Æ"È¿° ±"³Ç³ ¸"Á ¾°É»¿´ ÇÇ°É¿ ¾´Ã ¯È´¿ ¸² ÇÁ°¸¯
´¸°¯ ÉÈÆ° ¸Ã» ,¯"·¸»È ÇÁ±¯³ ƶŸ
¯"·¸»È ¾¯²¿¯»-ĸ¿Èµ¸´´½ Ç"´½²¯ Æ"º ¾Á¿¸ÀƯ´´
qboqwhgphevq hb nh_ lhw`v khshde_ nds i_p_ w_a nsqwg nqm nqv qs_whh_ nh_ "³ÆÁ½ ɸÈÁ´" [¯] ,·"ÁÈÉ »´»¯ ,³"°
nd_ ,g_gx nh_ nqddqa eh_ p_dd lhhfc yh` p_b p_dd ,csdvy quwdv _ nds yd`um
qhho _ nhhe xbvm kqox gedmqa g_c nqm hh` n`w_gxqa nqoqe p_dd nxgoqm nds nqoqe ·¯³ ¾Á½ ǯà ·Ç¸À¯Ã ·¯³ À¯´´ ,... ÇƸ³ ¸²¸²¸ ²´°º»
hb nh_ ,g_gx nds nphdwboh_ lhhfc yh`
.ydsham ?ÀÁ¸Å¯¿¸ÀƯ´´ ¾Ã¯Ç·Á±À¸´¯ ¹¸¯ »Á´´ ,·ÀÁ´½ÈÁ±Ã¯ ¾°¯³ Ǹ½ ¸´´ ¸´µ¯
.qedcowqxg g_gxw_s eod_ nxhddu gohhc _b i_o nqoqe pq ¼Á² ¾¸¯ ¾°¸¸ÇÈ´Åïǯ ¾Ç¸°¯Çà ²"À°
hb np_kxw_s pk_mqb g_c nqm npv_ddqashd_ nqoqe p_dd ,nbh_ qwqgkq hb eh_ ,qhu_ohpv_dd nds cfkuc hb »¯Çȸ ¸»´²± ¾´Ã ³Ç´É ÉÁ² ¸² ,´´¸Ç° ¾²¿Á±»¯Ã
qbmqws ge_kqa gxho nd_ ,thoehdd g_gx nwqgkq qwqhhe p_dd lqbj_o ,lhmdyh pk_ p_b p_dd lqbjwdb .ndswqb lqk`_ws ¸² ÇÁ°¸¯ ,¼¸È´²Æ³ ´¿¸É´°Ç ¾´Ã ³ÃÆȳ ¸² ¾´¯
nwqdd gxho nk_e hhe hbj ,nqmdvohhw_ nxgoqm .ydsham nds ghhcwqaodh n`w_gxqa nqoqe hb gkqgxqas_ bp` g_c nqwhohpv_dd ¾Á¿Áµ ÀÁ ¾Á´´ ¾Ç¸Ã ´Å ¹¸µ ¸´µ¯ ¸´´ ±Á´´ Á±¸·º¸Ç
nqoqe p_dd lhbhpf hb .gvqgxqao_ nmkv
w fcwc nds qg_g wqb ,_madbk nqm gqe ,nhhe k_m_ naqks p_dd ydsham ¾¸¿Á ¸² ¸¸° ¾´¯ »»º° ³¯´ÃÇ ¸¿¸¿Á ¾¸¯ É´»¯È ¯²
x_w rhd_ thoehdd nhhv nw_s du nqmdvqa
w fcwc nds qg_g wqb nd_ ,dhc kvqgx qphdwa hb nahd_ hb w_s gohhc gxho
nh_ n`hhk` du nqaohdduqa nqddqa nqoqe ,coxc nw_ddqa wgso qbhh` nqoqe ,dhc wquhoehdd hdk hbj ,lqb naqdd .nqwhohpv_dd nds ghhvahgjhdd .·Çð ¾Á¿¸ÀƯ´´ ¾´Ã
ihe nd_ ,`dghv g_gx qahboq`qowqb hb g_c p_dd csham pdshg _ iwdb n`qa nds ghhvahgjhdd hb w_kv n`_cduphdw_ µ¸¯ ·ÅÁ¸ ·À¯³ ´² À¯´´ ¼Á»°¯Çà ¸²
wqb p_dd wdmem bdbk hb ghm nahoqa_` nds goqaqa hb nh_ nj_w`qaphd_ ghm nqoqv_` du ihe ahgjhdd eh_ ,nqohpv_dd ¸² µ¯ ·À¸¸´´ ´² µ¯ ,¹¸»²¿Á·Èǯà ÇÁ¸¸µ
e_ ihdc hde_ ga_eqa g_c qhe vhbu fmu w_h nds wqgohdd hb nh_ qhwgphopo_wg ¾µ¯» ´Å µ¸¯ ·ÅÁ¸ ¾´· ´Å ¹¯µ Á±¸·º¸Ç
hb rhd_ nwqcwq`hw_ goqvqa pq g_c nqm gohhc i_o nqm nqv goqaqa qoqh nh_ .`xy .ydsham hb nds qhw_gphc hb ÇÁ·¸¸´´ ¾Æ¸È ¸¸µ ¾´¯ ÇÁ²¿¸Æ Á¿¸¸² ¾ÁǸ¿¸ÀƯ´´
p_dd ihhg x_mwqxg hb nds ghhe qwqbo_ quwdv qoqh nds yd`um wqgoqehdg nqe lxc yweq` g_c nqm w_s ÁÇÁ²¿¯ ¸² ¸´´ ¸´µ¯ É´²À´½ Á±¸ÇÁ³Á± ¸² ¾¸¯
g_gx qk_wgoqu qahgw_b hb nh_ .csdvy nqddqa nqoqe ,nqohpv_dd hb ns_wgqaphd_ ¹¸µ ´·À»¸Ã ·¸¸µ ÁÇÁ²¿¯ ¸² ¾´Ã ÇÁ°¯ ,ÇÁ²¿¸Æ
.`dghv nh_ thoehdd nxhddu s_ gkhhg goqehdg rkqddu wq`h_ _b nqoqe `dkhadm naqks p_dd voqwv qahvqgxo_ qoqbhxw_s ·À¯³ ´² À¯´´ ¹¯µ ¯ ¾´· ¾¸¸± ¾·¸½ ÇÁº¸µ½´¯
qhe vhbu fmu wqb eh_ wdshj ldh w_s qoqbhxw_s nh_ njqw`phd_ ghhu du ghhu nds Á¸Å¯½Ç¯Ã¿¸¯ ÁÇÁº¸µ Áº¸»¿ÁµÇÁà ¾¸¸Æ ·È¸¿
nds nxgoqm qgodeqa hb ghm nw_sqavqdd_ .csdvy qoqh nds yd`um wqgwqbodc nqoqe nw_h hb ixm` nd_ ,ydohbm ·È¸¿ ·À¸¸± ´² µ¯ ¾±¸¯´Ç¯° ¹¸² »¯µ À¯´´
wq nd_ ,csam hb nds cojp hb `hkdu ,thoehdd nqo_mwqb du t_ks hb _b gxho eh_ pq .lqbjwdb n`w_gxqa nxgoqm nqo_hkhm ¾¸¸² ·Çð ¾´¯ ,¼Á² ¸´¯ ¾°¯³ ³·Ç¶ ÇÁ·ÁÃÈ
g_gx hb nh_ wdshj ldh gqdd_wsqa g_c wq`_ ,nqe p_b nqv nqm d_dd lhhf hy` qk_ :nqddqa nqoqe voqwv qgpjhkbqx hb nxhddu ¾º¯¿ ¾´ÃÇÁ² ²¶Ã Á±¸²»¯´´Á± ¯ ·¯³ ɸ° ¸¿°
eh_ wq nqdd ,ckhqo yksy hh` .thoe_wgp ydjhw_` wqm nqo_mwqb du h_bj _h eh_ pq pkqehm ,(pv_s-k_mp) nqv_s ,qwhkdf ¾Á¿Áǯ´´ À¯´´ À¿¸¸»·¯³ Á¿Á²¸Èǯà ¾ÇÁ³
d`dx d`dx wqgwqdd hb du nqmdvqao_ g_gx-nhdwv wqeod_ nds lhhfc yh` hb
,k_wxh yh` dydmy cmkd lhqwc ljhjwbm ,nqeqa nhhk_ pq ih_ `_c gw_b p_dd ,thoehdd .pdshg ,(nwqe_m/nqke_m) .¾·À±ÇÁ ¾Ã¸´¯
wq nd_ ,lkdq ldu ghhwbqaphd_ ihe wq g_c :nqe pq nqv gw_b gjde_` p_dd wqbqh nd_ nd_ n`hwx_` ghhw` nqoqe ydsham hb ´Å ¾Ç¸°¯Çà ¹¸¯ »Á´´ ,¾Ã»Á³ ´Å Ǹ² ¸²º
qahbk_ddqa _ ghm nahwxqa p_b g_c k_m qjhkgq g_c qs_whh_ fwem nh_ nds wqjh` qohhmqak_ hb nh_ gwhgoqmdv_b ,¾Ã´¯ Á±¸²'Dz´À½ ¾´¯ Áǯ»Æ ¯ ¸´¯ ¾ÇÁ÷¿Á
_e_ gj_mqa g_c p_b .fpdo _ n_ hhwxqa eh_ p_dd ,qwhkdf nds ydsham nj_w`qaphd_ gwqdd pq nd_ ,gs_xoqphdd nd_ qhw_gphc ·±¿ÁÇ°Á±Ã¸´¯ ·À¯³ ´² À¯´´ É´»¯È Á»¯ ¸´¯
xmm ihe n`_c i_p_ e_ ,ydwwdqyc qphdwa g_c pq nqdd .ihkbqx vw_gx w_a nqddqa .lhwsp qxhbh_ nh_ go_mwqb i_p_ ihd_ Á¿Á²¸Èǯà ¹¯¿ ¸´¯ ¾´¯ ,ÀÁ´½È ÇÁµ¿´¯ ¸¸°
nh_ gu_ksqaphd_ nd_ bwq hb rhd_ nsw_ddqa eh_ ,fwy w_h nh_ nj_w`qaphd_ nw_ddqa nqoqe k_wxh hkdba qoqbhxw_s
csham hb ihe g_c pk_mqb nds .nhhddqa _ hb nds cshp_ qkqhuqsp _ nqmdvqaw_s ,ydsham iwdb wqgkq nqaodh nh_ nphwqavqdd_ .·ÇÁ³Á± ¾´¯ ·¿¸¸»Á± °¯³ ¹¸¯ À¯´´ É´¿Á·
nh_ qhe nhedwm vcwc hh` ,wdbc hvhbu nshd_ coxm lfk kq` wqb khsxhh` ldu hdd ,±¿´¿¸¸½ Á¿Á±¸¸¯ ¾¸¸Æ ¯² ·È¸¿ °¸¸ÇÈ ¹¸¯
.gkqgxqas_ nds aodahkhhg_` hb ghm ,_wdahb_p g_gx _ hh` nw_ddqa wgso eh_ wqjkqdd l`mw ¸´µ¯ ¸´´ ,¼¸ÇôÀ´ ¼¸ÇÃÀ ¸Ã½ ´Å ±¿ÁÇ° ¹¸¯ ǯ¿
lhhfc yh` hb nh_ gohhc ghha nqm nqdd lhhf ywdy kq` vcwc nwm nydfm nhhe nds wqgkq nh_ fmx w_h nh_ csham qwhkdf ¸Ã »Á É´Ç´²³ ¹È½° ·Ç¸ÃÁ± ¹¸µ ·¯³ ¾Á½
pq d_dd ,thoehdd nds lhhfc yh` qhho hb nh_ gpqdmxqajwdb n`_c hhe hdd ,qhe `dp_vm i_p_ nh_ godsqa nqm .w_h ahuwqs nd_ hhwb ɸ°» À'¸°Ç ÁÇÁµ¿´¯ ·Çð´ ¼¸Æ¸²Å´ ¼¸»´²±
nqv ,qhe lhxdbvc dohyd`w nds kcd_ hb eh_ hb nhhe kg`m du nwh`_ws nqv nqm hde_ hdd nkhhuwqb hhe hdd lho`wc hkdba nds lhwsp ¸¸° ·ÇÁ³Á± ¾´¯ ¾ÁµÁ± ¾°¯³ Ǹ½ À¯´´ ¾´¯ ,ĸ¿µ¸´´
iwq` ,kqvohdd qgjqw hb hh` nqe nqm gvdwbqa pk_mqb eh_ pq .lhmxc nm cwhea nqoqe p_dd wqbohv qoqahh_ qwqhhe wq`h_ À¯´´ Á"¸µ Ç"´½²¯ Æ"º ³ºÇ°» ´¿´Çºµ ¸°Ç ÇÁ²
nds wvhq` ,yd`um ahusds nd_ gwqbodc ydksy pwgodv _ thdd_owqxg nh_ nw_ddqa hb nqoqe ihd_ .ydsham hb iwdb n`w_gxqa ´ºÇ² ¹¸È½½ ¾Á¿Áµ ¯"·¸»È ¼"¸Ç´½²¯³ Æ"º
ldg_b hb p_dd ,nxgoqm qaodh nd_ wqbohv du ydksy qkqhuqsp ghm ,cwu` ydyqk ydk_x ghm kds yd`dxyd ydk_x hwsp ¸´´ ÀÇÁµ¸¸´´ ±Á´´ ÁÇÁµ¿´¯ ¾Á¿Áµ ¸¸µ À¯´´ ,Ȳ´Æ°
nds nj_dd w_s qoqh nds nqoqe yd`um hb rhd_ nqoqe p_dd ,csham hb yqx` nhhe kksym
_ eh_ p_b .ejwy ao_so_ nd_ djwy rdp bh `yj qahbwqhws _ nds nw_ddqa nqmdoqa .ydsham hh` gj_mqa ihe n`_c p_dd .³Ç´É³ ¸Ã »Á ¾Ç¸Ã ¹¸µ ¾Ãǯ² Ǹ½ ¸´µ¯
,xdf` nqe nqv nqm p_dd wje _ nds khsxhh` i_o nqv nqm d_dd t_ks nhh_ _b eh_ pq ÇÁ·ÇÁ´´ ÀÆÁµ ¸´¯ ¾Áµ¸¸´´¿¯ ¾ÁÆ ¾Á½
nds ,voqwv qahvqgxo_ hb nds ydsam hb nds .qhe nhedwm vcwc hh` naqkqa eh_ p_dd _ nahd_ qoqahh_ hb ghm nqe gohhc ¸¸µ ¾¸¯ µ¯ ,³È´²Æ³ ³Ç´É ¸² ¾¸¯ ¾Á¸¸·È À¯´´
nhh_ nh_ n`w_gxqa nqoqe qgwqbodc p_dd nj_w`qaphd_ g_c djwy w_h rdp nh_ ,ydsham hb du ydbq nd_ wje qahb
ydxmm À¯´´ É´»¯È ¸² ¸´¯ É´°´ÈÉ ÇƸÁ ¸² ·±¸»
gxho eh_ pq nqdd ,ghhu quwdv _ nh_ g_gx qwhkdf qjhkvqwx _ thoehdd g_gx hb nh_ hb .lhhf hy` qxhbh_ qgk_ nh_ eh_ p_b :¾Á¿Áµ ÇÁ·ÇÁ´´ ÀÆÁµ ¸² .´¿¸¿¸¿Á» Á±´¿ ¾Á¿Áµ
,nhhk_ nj_dd hhddu qgxwq hb nh_ .csham naqks voqwv qahvqgxo_ qoqbhxw_s "¯ÃǸ ¯ÃÇ´" - (¶ °º ¼¸Ç°²) "³ÆÁ½ ɸÈÁ´"
.lqb naqv nqohpv_dd nhhv nqddqa gwqbodc whs wq`h_ nqmdvqamd_ nqoqe quwdv _ nh_ qghdg qahk_ukhs nqaoqw`
n`_c thoehdd g_gx hb nh_ .nxgoqm gxho nhdx ihe gsqwg p_dd i_e _ ,ghhu .(±¸ ¶¸ ¼¸Ç°²) "³¸³É ¼¸½É" - (·¸ ¯º É´½È)
É´Ç´²³ ¸»´²± ¸² ¾°¯³ À¯´´ boqehdg whs iwq` gohd_ddqa pk_mqb bp` g_c nqm ghhe nghhu qahgohhc ¾¸¯ ´´¸Ç° ¸² ¾¸¸µ DzÀ½ ¹¸¯ »Á´´ ¼Á² ·¸´»
nxhddu nqddqa nqoqe ihkoqddqa nd_ ,nxgoqm gvdv nqm nqdd .nqohpv_dd hb ns_wgqaphd_ ¾¸¸µ Ǹ°À½ ´Å - "³ÆÁ½ ɸÈÁ´" (¯ :¼¸ÆÇà ¸¸Ç²
¹¸µ ¾´· Âǯ² ¾Á½ µ¯ ¾À¸¸³Á± quo_a _ ixm` lhwgso ahphhwb nd_ ahuo_ddu guhwvqaphd_ nqoqe p_dd pmdg_b hb rhd_ ;¾Á¿¸ÀƯ´´ ¾°Á± ¾´Ã É»Á´É ¾´¯ ·¸¸Æ±¸·º¸´´ ¸²
nqm e_ ,phdwa hde_ nqddqa eh_ csham hb .w_h gqdd ,lhhf hy` qahgohhc nh_ yd`um hb rhd_ ·È¸¿ ¹¸µ »¯µ ¾Á½ À¯´´Ç¯Ã - "¯ÃǸ ¯ÃÇ´" (°
?ɴø±½ ¸² ¾´Ã ¾·¸³´Åï ao_kw_s hb nqmdvj_o goqvqa gxho g_c nhh_ nds yd`um khsdu nsqwg gxho nqm ´Å ·È¸¿ ¾±¯µ À¯´´ ¸² ¾´Ã ³Á² ¸² ·¸½ ¾Á¿ÁºÁÇ
lhhf hy` qgk_ hb nh_ wq`_ .csdvy quwdv (± ;¹¸»²ÁÈ ÇÁ½ µ¸¯ ÀÁ »¸¸´´ ¾Á¿¸ÀƯ´´ ¾°Á±
hb ndg rw_b nqm `hd_ nb eh_ nqm nqdd ¯Ç´½ ·È¸¿ »¯µ ¾Á½ À¯´´Ç¯Ã - "³¸³É ¼¸½É"
nghcdus_ ihe hbj nqwhohpv_dd nds ydkbyxc µ¯ ¾ÇÁ´´ ǯ´´Á± ¹¯² ¾Á½ ·Á´´ ÇÈï µ¯ ¾°¯³
.·±¸²ÁÈÁ± ¯¸ ÀÁ ·¯³ Ǹ² ¸¸°
! ·¸¸Å Áȸ²¸¯
·"ÁÈÉ ¯´°É ¸º
¸´» ¸°Ç Æ"È¿° ±"³Ç³ ¸"Á ¾°É»¿´ ÇÇ°É¿ ¾´Ã ¯È´¿ ¸² ÇÁ°¸¯
´¸°¯ ÉÈÆ° ¸Ã» ,¯"·¸»È ÇÁ±¯³ ƶŸ
¯"·¸»È ¾¯²¿¯»-ĸ¿Èµ¸´´½ Ç"´½²¯ Æ"º ¾Á¿¸ÀƯ´´
qboqwhgphevq hb nh_ lhw`v khshde_ nds i_p_ w_a nsqwg nqm nqv qs_whh_ nh_ "³ÆÁ½ ɸÈÁ´" [¯] ,·"ÁÈÉ »´»¯ ,³"°
nd_ ,g_gx nh_ nqddqa eh_ p_dd lhhfc yh` p_b p_dd ,csdvy quwdv _ nds yd`um
qhho _ nhhe xbvm kqox gedmqa g_c nqm hh` n`w_gxqa nqoqe p_dd nxgoqm nds nqoqe ·¯³ ¾Á½ ǯà ·Ç¸À¯Ã ·¯³ À¯´´ ,... ÇƸ³ ¸²¸²¸ ²´°º»
hb nh_ ,g_gx nds nphdwboh_ lhhfc yh`
.ydsham ?ÀÁ¸Å¯¿¸ÀƯ´´ ¾Ã¯Ç·Á±À¸´¯ ¹¸¯ »Á´´ ,·ÀÁ´½ÈÁ±Ã¯ ¾°¯³ Ǹ½ ¸´´ ¸´µ¯
.qedcowqxg g_gxw_s eod_ nxhddu gohhc _b i_o nqoqe pq ¼Á² ¾¸¯ ¾°¸¸ÇÈ´Åïǯ ¾Ç¸°¯Çà ²"À°
hb np_kxw_s pk_mqb g_c nqm npv_ddqashd_ nqoqe p_dd ,nbh_ qwqgkq hb eh_ ,qhu_ohpv_dd nds cfkuc hb »¯Çȸ ¸»´²± ¾´Ã ³Ç´É ÉÁ² ¸² ,´´¸Ç° ¾²¿Á±»¯Ã
qbmqws ge_kqa gxho nd_ ,thoehdd g_gx nwqgkq qwqhhe p_dd lqbj_o ,lhmdyh pk_ p_b p_dd lqbjwdb .ndswqb lqk`_ws ¸² ÇÁ°¸¯ ,¼¸È´²Æ³ ´¿¸É´°Ç ¾´Ã ³ÃÆȳ ¸² ¾´¯
nwqdd gxho nk_e hhe hbj ,nqmdvohhw_ nxgoqm .ydsham nds ghhcwqaodh n`w_gxqa nqoqe hb gkqgxqas_ bp` g_c nqwhohpv_dd ¾Á¿Áµ ÀÁ ¾Á´´ ¾Ç¸Ã ´Å ¹¸µ ¸´µ¯ ¸´´ ±Á´´ Á±¸·º¸Ç
nqoqe p_dd lhbhpf hb .gvqgxqao_ nmkv
w fcwc nds qg_g wqb ,_madbk nqm gqe ,nhhe k_m_ naqks p_dd ydsham ¾¸¿Á ¸² ¸¸° ¾´¯ »»º° ³¯´ÃÇ ¸¿¸¿Á ¾¸¯ É´»¯È ¯²
x_w rhd_ thoehdd nhhv nw_s du nqmdvqa
w fcwc nds qg_g wqb nd_ ,dhc kvqgx qphdwa hb nahd_ hb w_s gohhc gxho
nh_ n`hhk` du nqaohdduqa nqddqa nqoqe ,coxc nw_ddqa wgso qbhh` nqoqe ,dhc wquhoehdd hdk hbj ,lqb naqdd .nqwhohpv_dd nds ghhvahgjhdd .·Çð ¾Á¿¸ÀƯ´´ ¾´Ã
ihe nd_ ,`dghv g_gx qahboq`qowqb hb g_c p_dd csham pdshg _ iwdb n`qa nds ghhvahgjhdd hb w_kv n`_cduphdw_ µ¸¯ ·ÅÁ¸ ·À¯³ ´² À¯´´ ¼Á»°¯Çà ¸²
wqb p_dd wdmem bdbk hb ghm nahoqa_` nds goqaqa hb nh_ nj_w`qaphd_ ghm nqoqv_` du ihe ahgjhdd eh_ ,nqohpv_dd ¸² µ¯ ·À¸¸´´ ´² µ¯ ,¹¸»²¿Á·Èǯà ÇÁ¸¸µ
e_ ihdc hde_ ga_eqa g_c qhe vhbu fmu w_h nds wqgohdd hb nh_ qhwgphopo_wg ¾µ¯» ´Å µ¸¯ ·ÅÁ¸ ¾´· ´Å ¹¯µ Á±¸·º¸Ç
hb rhd_ nwqcwq`hw_ goqvqa pq g_c nqm gohhc i_o nqm nqv goqaqa qoqh nh_ .`xy .ydsham hb nds qhw_gphc hb ÇÁ·¸¸´´ ¾Æ¸È ¸¸µ ¾´¯ ÇÁ²¿¸Æ Á¿¸¸² ¾ÁǸ¿¸ÀƯ´´
p_dd ihhg x_mwqxg hb nds ghhe qwqbo_ quwdv qoqh nds yd`um wqgoqehdg nqe lxc yweq` g_c nqm w_s ÁÇÁ²¿¯ ¸² ¸´´ ¸´µ¯ É´²À´½ Á±¸ÇÁ³Á± ¸² ¾¸¯
g_gx qk_wgoqu qahgw_b hb nh_ .csdvy nqddqa nqoqe ,nqohpv_dd hb ns_wgqaphd_ ¹¸µ ´·À»¸Ã ·¸¸µ ÁÇÁ²¿¯ ¸² ¾´Ã ÇÁ°¯ ,ÇÁ²¿¸Æ
.`dghv nh_ thoehdd nxhddu s_ gkhhg goqehdg rkqddu wq`h_ _b nqoqe `dkhadm naqks p_dd voqwv qahvqgxo_ qoqbhxw_s ·À¯³ ´² À¯´´ ¹¯µ ¯ ¾´· ¾¸¸± ¾·¸½ ÇÁº¸µ½´¯
qhe vhbu fmu wqb eh_ wdshj ldh w_s qoqbhxw_s nh_ njqw`phd_ ghhu du ghhu nds Á¸Å¯½Ç¯Ã¿¸¯ ÁÇÁº¸µ Áº¸»¿ÁµÇÁà ¾¸¸Æ ·È¸¿
nds nxgoqm qgodeqa hb ghm nw_sqavqdd_ .csdvy qoqh nds yd`um wqgwqbodc nqoqe nw_h hb ixm` nd_ ,ydohbm ·È¸¿ ·À¸¸± ´² µ¯ ¾±¸¯´Ç¯° ¹¸² »¯µ À¯´´
wq nd_ ,csam hb nds cojp hb `hkdu ,thoehdd nqo_mwqb du t_ks hb _b gxho eh_ pq .lqbjwdb n`w_gxqa nxgoqm nqo_hkhm ¾¸¸² ·Çð ¾´¯ ,¼Á² ¸´¯ ¾°¯³ ³·Ç¶ ÇÁ·ÁÃÈ
g_gx hb nh_ wdshj ldh gqdd_wsqa g_c wq`_ ,nqe p_b nqv nqm d_dd lhhf hy` qk_ :nqddqa nqoqe voqwv qgpjhkbqx hb nxhddu ¾º¯¿ ¾´ÃÇÁ² ²¶Ã Á±¸²»¯´´Á± ¯ ·¯³ ɸ° ¸¿°
eh_ wq nqdd ,ckhqo yksy hh` .thoe_wgp ydjhw_` wqm nqo_mwqb du h_bj _h eh_ pq pkqehm ,(pv_s-k_mp) nqv_s ,qwhkdf ¾Á¿Áǯ´´ À¯´´ À¿¸¸»·¯³ Á¿Á²¸Èǯà ¾ÇÁ³
d`dx d`dx wqgwqdd hb du nqmdvqao_ g_gx-nhdwv wqeod_ nds lhhfc yh` hb
,k_wxh yh` dydmy cmkd lhqwc ljhjwbm ,nqeqa nhhk_ pq ih_ `_c gw_b p_dd ,thoehdd .pdshg ,(nwqe_m/nqke_m) .¾·À±ÇÁ ¾Ã¸´¯
wq nd_ ,lkdq ldu ghhwbqaphd_ ihe wq g_c :nqe pq nqv gw_b gjde_` p_dd wqbqh nd_ nd_ n`hwx_` ghhw` nqoqe ydsham hb ´Å ¾Ç¸°¯Çà ¹¸¯ »Á´´ ,¾Ã»Á³ ´Å Ǹ² ¸²º
qahbk_ddqa _ ghm nahwxqa p_b g_c k_m qjhkgq g_c qs_whh_ fwem nh_ nds wqjh` qohhmqak_ hb nh_ gwhgoqmdv_b ,¾Ã´¯ Á±¸²'Dz´À½ ¾´¯ Áǯ»Æ ¯ ¸´¯ ¾ÇÁ÷¿Á
_e_ gj_mqa g_c p_b .fpdo _ n_ hhwxqa eh_ p_dd ,qwhkdf nds ydsham nj_w`qaphd_ gwqdd pq nd_ ,gs_xoqphdd nd_ qhw_gphc ·±¿ÁÇ°Á±Ã¸´¯ ·À¯³ ´² À¯´´ É´»¯È Á»¯ ¸´¯
xmm ihe n`_c i_p_ e_ ,ydwwdqyc qphdwa g_c pq nqdd .ihkbqx vw_gx w_a nqddqa .lhwsp qxhbh_ nh_ go_mwqb i_p_ ihd_ Á¿Á²¸Èǯà ¹¯¿ ¸´¯ ¾´¯ ,ÀÁ´½È ÇÁµ¿´¯ ¸¸°
nh_ gu_ksqaphd_ nd_ bwq hb rhd_ nsw_ddqa eh_ ,fwy w_h nh_ nj_w`qaphd_ nw_ddqa nqoqe k_wxh hkdba qoqbhxw_s
csham hb ihe g_c pk_mqb nds .nhhddqa _ hb nds cshp_ qkqhuqsp _ nqmdvqaw_s ,ydsham iwdb wqgkq nqaodh nh_ nphwqavqdd_ .·ÇÁ³Á± ¾´¯ ·¿¸¸»Á± °¯³ ¹¸¯ À¯´´ É´¿Á·
nh_ qhe nhedwm vcwc hh` ,wdbc hvhbu nshd_ coxm lfk kq` wqb khsxhh` ldu hdd ,±¿´¿¸¸½ Á¿Á±¸¸¯ ¾¸¸Æ ¯² ·È¸¿ °¸¸ÇÈ ¹¸¯
.gkqgxqas_ nds aodahkhhg_` hb ghm ,_wdahb_p g_gx _ hh` nw_ddqa wgso eh_ wqjkqdd l`mw ¸´µ¯ ¸´´ ,¼¸ÇôÀ´ ¼¸ÇÃÀ ¸Ã½ ´Å ±¿ÁÇ° ¹¸¯ ǯ¿
lhhfc yh` hb nh_ gohhc ghha nqm nqdd lhhf ywdy kq` vcwc nwm nydfm nhhe nds wqgkq nh_ fmx w_h nh_ csham qwhkdf ¸Ã »Á É´Ç´²³ ¹È½° ·Ç¸ÃÁ± ¹¸µ ·¯³ ¾Á½
pq d_dd ,thoehdd nds lhhfc yh` qhho hb nh_ gpqdmxqajwdb n`_c hhe hdd ,qhe `dp_vm i_p_ nh_ godsqa nqm .w_h ahuwqs nd_ hhwb ɸ°» À'¸°Ç ÁÇÁµ¿´¯ ·Çð´ ¼¸Æ¸²Å´ ¼¸»´²±
nqv ,qhe lhxdbvc dohyd`w nds kcd_ hb eh_ hb nhhe kg`m du nwh`_ws nqv nqm hde_ hdd nkhhuwqb hhe hdd lho`wc hkdba nds lhwsp ¸¸° ·ÇÁ³Á± ¾´¯ ¾ÁµÁ± ¾°¯³ Ǹ½ À¯´´ ¾´¯ ,ĸ¿µ¸´´
iwq` ,kqvohdd qgjqw hb hh` nqe nqm gvdwbqa pk_mqb eh_ pq .lhmxc nm cwhea nqoqe p_dd wqbohv qoqahh_ qwqhhe wq`h_ À¯´´ Á"¸µ Ç"´½²¯ Æ"º ³ºÇ°» ´¿´Çºµ ¸°Ç ÇÁ²
nds wvhq` ,yd`um ahusds nd_ gwqbodc ydksy pwgodv _ thdd_owqxg nh_ nw_ddqa hb nqoqe ihd_ .ydsham hb iwdb n`w_gxqa ´ºÇ² ¹¸È½½ ¾Á¿Áµ ¯"·¸»È ¼"¸Ç´½²¯³ Æ"º
ldg_b hb p_dd ,nxgoqm qaodh nd_ wqbohv du ydksy qkqhuqsp ghm ,cwu` ydyqk ydk_x ghm kds yd`dxyd ydk_x hwsp ¸´´ ÀÇÁµ¸¸´´ ±Á´´ ÁÇÁµ¿´¯ ¾Á¿Áµ ¸¸µ À¯´´ ,Ȳ´Æ°
nds nj_dd w_s qoqh nds nqoqe yd`um hb rhd_ nqoqe p_dd ,csham hb yqx` nhhe kksym
_ eh_ p_b .ejwy ao_so_ nd_ djwy rdp bh `yj qahbwqhws _ nds nw_ddqa nqmdoqa .ydsham hh` gj_mqa ihe n`_c p_dd .³Ç´É³ ¸Ã »Á ¾Ç¸Ã ¹¸µ ¾Ãǯ² Ǹ½ ¸´µ¯
,xdf` nqe nqv nqm p_dd wje _ nds khsxhh` i_o nqv nqm d_dd t_ks nhh_ _b eh_ pq ÇÁ·ÇÁ´´ ÀÆÁµ ¸´¯ ¾Áµ¸¸´´¿¯ ¾ÁÆ ¾Á½
nds ,voqwv qahvqgxo_ hb nds ydsam hb nds .qhe nhedwm vcwc hh` naqkqa eh_ p_dd _ nahd_ qoqahh_ hb ghm nqe gohhc ¸¸µ ¾¸¯ µ¯ ,³È´²Æ³ ³Ç´É ¸² ¾¸¯ ¾Á¸¸·È À¯´´
nhh_ nh_ n`w_gxqa nqoqe qgwqbodc p_dd nj_w`qaphd_ g_c djwy w_h rdp nh_ ,ydsham hb du ydbq nd_ wje qahb
ydxmm À¯´´ É´»¯È ¸² ¸´¯ É´°´ÈÉ ÇƸÁ ¸² ·±¸»
gxho eh_ pq nqdd ,ghhu quwdv _ nh_ g_gx qwhkdf qjhkvqwx _ thoehdd g_gx hb nh_ hb .lhhf hy` qxhbh_ qgk_ nh_ eh_ p_b :¾Á¿Áµ ÇÁ·ÇÁ´´ ÀÆÁµ ¸² .´¿¸¿¸¿Á» Á±´¿ ¾Á¿Áµ
,nhhk_ nj_dd hhddu qgxwq hb nh_ .csham naqks voqwv qahvqgxo_ qoqbhxw_s "¯ÃǸ ¯ÃÇ´" - (¶ °º ¼¸Ç°²) "³ÆÁ½ ɸÈÁ´"
.lqb naqv nqohpv_dd nhhv nqddqa gwqbodc whs wq`h_ nqmdvqamd_ nqoqe quwdv _ nh_ qghdg qahk_ukhs nqaoqw`
n`_c thoehdd g_gx hb nh_ .nxgoqm gxho nhdx ihe gsqwg p_dd i_e _ ,ghhu .(±¸ ¶¸ ¼¸Ç°²) "³¸³É ¼¸½É" - (·¸ ¯º É´½È)
É´Ç´²³ ¸»´²± ¸² ¾°¯³ À¯´´ boqehdg whs iwq` gohd_ddqa pk_mqb bp` g_c nqm ghhe nghhu qahgohhc ¾¸¯ ´´¸Ç° ¸² ¾¸¸µ DzÀ½ ¹¸¯ »Á´´ ¼Á² ·¸´»
nxhddu nqddqa nqoqe ihkoqddqa nd_ ,nxgoqm gvdv nqm nqdd .nqohpv_dd hb ns_wgqaphd_ ¾¸¸µ Ǹ°À½ ´Å - "³ÆÁ½ ɸÈÁ´" (¯ :¼¸ÆÇà ¸¸Ç²
¹¸µ ¾´· Âǯ² ¾Á½ µ¯ ¾À¸¸³Á± quo_a _ ixm` lhwgso ahphhwb nd_ ahuo_ddu guhwvqaphd_ nqoqe p_dd pmdg_b hb rhd_ ;¾Á¿¸ÀƯ´´ ¾°Á± ¾´Ã É»Á´É ¾´¯ ·¸¸Æ±¸·º¸´´ ¸²
nqm e_ ,phdwa hde_ nqddqa eh_ csham hb .w_h gqdd ,lhhf hy` qahgohhc nh_ yd`um hb rhd_ ·È¸¿ ¹¸µ »¯µ ¾Á½ À¯´´Ç¯Ã - "¯ÃǸ ¯ÃÇ´" (°
?ɴø±½ ¸² ¾´Ã ¾·¸³´Åï ao_kw_s hb nqmdvj_o goqvqa gxho g_c nhh_ nds yd`um khsdu nsqwg gxho nqm ´Å ·È¸¿ ¾±¯µ À¯´´ ¸² ¾´Ã ³Á² ¸² ·¸½ ¾Á¿ÁºÁÇ
lhhf hy` qgk_ hb nh_ wq`_ .csdvy quwdv (± ;¹¸»²ÁÈ ÇÁ½ µ¸¯ ÀÁ »¸¸´´ ¾Á¿¸ÀƯ´´ ¾°Á±
hb ndg rw_b nqm `hd_ nb eh_ nqm nqdd ¯Ç´½ ·È¸¿ »¯µ ¾Á½ À¯´´Ç¯Ã - "³¸³É ¼¸½É"
nghcdus_ ihe hbj nqwhohpv_dd nds ydkbyxc µ¯ ¾ÇÁ´´ ǯ´´Á± ¹¯² ¾Á½ ·Á´´ ÇÈï µ¯ ¾°¯³
.·±¸²ÁÈÁ± ¯¸ ÀÁ ·¯³ Ǹ² ¸¸°
! ·¸¸Å Áȸ²¸¯
·"ÁÈÉ ¯´°É ¸º
